This is a time line from the 1860s-1869s. These different kinds of foods were made in the 1860s.
At the bottom of the time line is a website to find the all the foods from the time line.You can learn how to make it the way in the old days. In th days now we have eggs and milk, but in the old days they don't use it because sometimes they don't have what they need so they use what they have.
You can find some foods that you can feed your baby. The baby food they feed sometimes be heathly. You can make a lot of food for a week.
Sometimes the kids are alone and have nothing to eat. These recipes are easy to make and are delicious.
writen by-Kiara Jones
Found by Kindra and Kiara http://www.foodtimeline.org/index.html
This is a picture of the Civil War people making food and getting food.
Found by, Lizette
1860 M.L. Byrn patented a new and improved corkscrew. 1860 Farmers made up 58 percent of the labor force. 1860 The first Pony Express mail delivery service by horse and rider between St. Joseph, Missouri to Sacramento, California began. The 1,800 mile run took 10 days. 1860 Will Kieth Kellogg was born. Founded Battle Creek Toasted Corn Flake Co. (W.K. Kellogg Company) to manufacture cereals (cornflakes were the first) developed by his brother John Harvey Kellogg. 1860 The first Pony Express mail delivery service by horse and rider between St. Joseph, Missouri to Sacramento, California was completed. The 1,800 mile run took 10 days. 1860 Mary Jane Rathbun was born. A marine zoologist and crustacean expert. 1860 Charles Goodyear died. He invented the process named 'vulcanization' which made the commercial use of rubber possible. Vulcanized rubber didn't become brittle in winter and turn gummy in summer as natural rubber did. 1860 Chapin Aaron Harris died. He was cofounder of the first dental school in the world, the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery. 1861 David Wesson was born. Wesson was an American chemist and in 1900 he developed a method to make pure cotton seed oil palatable, and formed the Southern Oil Company. Wesson Oil was the first vegetable oil used in the U.S. Cotton seed oil is noted for its lack of taste, which allows the flavors of foods to come through. It is used in margarines, salad dressings, and in commercially fried foods. 1861 Samuel Slocum died. He invented a machine to make pins with solid heads and a machine for sticking the pins in a paper holder for sale. 1861 John Stevens Henslow died. This British clergyman and botanist was a mentor of Charles Darwin. To get farmers to apply scientific methods, he gave lectures on the fermentation of manure. He also showed Irish farmers how to get starch from rotten potatoes during the potato famine of 1845-1846. 1861 Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins was born. He discovered what we now call 'vitamins,' essential nutrients needed to maintain health. 1861 The first U.S. national income tax is passed to aid the Union war effort. 1861 William Wrigley, Jr. was born. William Wrigley Jr. started out as a traveling salesman at the age of 13, selling soap for his father's company. He had a series of sales jobs, one which gave chewing gum as a premium. Customers liked the gum better than the product, so he was soon marketing his own gum, Juicy Fruit in 1893, and later that year Wrigley's Spearmint. He was an advertising genius, and his company became one of the largest advertisers in the U.S., and the largest chewing gum manufacturer in the world. 1861 The first transcontinental telegraph was completed and went into operation. Within days the Pony Express ceased operations. 1861 or 1864 George Washington Carver was Born. African American botanist, educator, agricultural chemist and innovator. He developed hundreds of uses for peanuts, soybeans and sweet potatoes. He established the George Washington Carver Research Foundation at Tuskegee, for agricultural research. 1862 The U.S. Bureau of Agriculture was established. It became the USDA (Department of Agriculture) in 1889. 1862 The Cafe du Monde opened in the French Market of New Orleans. 1862 First large vineyards planted in California. Agoston Haraszthy de Mokcsa brought 1,400 varieties of grapevines from Europe to California in 1862, and planted the first large vineyard in California in the Sonoma Valley. After the phyloxera blight destroyed much of Europe’s vineyards, some of these same vines, now on resistant root stock, helped save the European wine industries. 1862 John D. Lynde of Philadelphia patented the first aerosol dispenser 1862 Henry David Thoreau died. American author, philosopher, and naturalist. Author of 'Walden; or, Life in the Woods.' 1862 President Lincoln signed the Homestead Act into law. It opened millions of acres Western land to settlers. 1862 W.H. Fancher and C.M. French patented a combined plow and gun. 1862 The first Land Grant Act was passed. Public lands were sold for agricultural education. This was the start of many state universities. 1862 Dr. Alexander P. Anderson was born. He developed Puffed Rice in NYC in 1902, which was introduced to the world at the St. Louis World's Fair in 1904. 1863 Daniel Freeman is the first to submit a claim under the new Homestead Act, for 160 acres near Beatrice, Nebraska. 1863 James Plimpton of New York patented 4 wheeled roller skates. 1863 London's Metropolitan, the first underground passenger railroad opened at 6 a.m. 1863 Women rioted in Salisbury, North Carolina, to protest the lack of flour and salt in the Confederacy. 1863 Women rioted in Salisbury, North Carolina, to protest the lack of flour and salt in the Confederacy. 1863 THE RICHMOND BREAD RIOTS. Shortages of food caused hundreds of angry women gathered in Richmond, Virginia to march on the governor's office and then on the government commissary to demand bread. It ended in a riot when they broke into the commissary and then other shops & buildings and carried out anything they could carry. Even the hospital reported losing over 300 pounds of beef. Arrests were made, but at the request of authorities, the newspapers downplayed the incident, and records were later destroyed when the Confederate government fled and burned much of the town behind them. 1863 Curtis Fletcher Marbut was born. American geologist and one of the founders of modern soil science. He was with the U.S. Bureau of Soils for 25 years. 1863 Abraham Lincoln declared that Thanksgiving Day would be an annual event celebrated on the last Thursday in November. 1863 J.T. Alden was issued a patent for an improved method of manufacturing dried yeast. 1863 Leo Hendrik Baekeland was born. He was a chemist who invented Bakelite, the first plastic that did not soften when heated. Those black plastic knobs on stoves were made of bakelite. 1863 Thanksgiving was first celebrated as a regular American Holiday. 1863 Richard Warren Sears was born. He developed his mail-order jewelry business (1886) into the Sears Roebuck & Company. By 1894 the Sears catalog was 507 pages. 1863 Gerard Adriaan Heineken bought the Amsterdam brewery, 'The Haystack', which dated back to 1592. This was the beginning of Heineken beer. 1863 Frederick Walton of London patented Linoleum. The standard kitchen flooring. 1863 Granula, probably the first breakfast cereal is introduced. It was created by Dr. James C. Jackson of Dansville, N.Y. 1863 US Department of Agriculture created Massachusetts Agricultural College (University of Massachusetts) 1864 Work began on a 2 mile long, 5 foot diameter, water supply tunnel for Chicago. It was completed in 1867. 1864 John Jacob Astor IV born. Great grandson of John Jacob Astor, who founded the family fortune. John Jacob IV built the Astoria section of what would become the Waldorf Astoria Hotel (1897) in New York city (this was on the site where the Empire State building would be built in 1929). He also built the Knickerbocker and the St. Regis hotels. He died on the Titanic. 1864 Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec was born. French artist who documented Parisian night life in the 1890s with his insightful posters. 1864 John Fowler died. An English Engineer, he invented the steam-hauled plow and several other special use plows. 1864 or 1861 George Washington Carver was Born. African American botanist, educator, agricultural chemist and innovator. He developed hundreds of uses for peanuts, soybeans and sweet potatoes. He established the George Washington Carver Research Foundation at Tuskegee, for agricultural research. 1865 A horse meat banquet is held at the Grand Hotel in Paris. 1865 Cornell University was chartered. Cornell is an agricultural land grant university endowed by Ezra Cornell, one of the founders of Western Union Telegraph Co. Today, Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, offers many programs, including Agricultural and Life Sciences, Hotel Administration, and Nutritional Sciences. 1865 Nellie Bly (Elizabeth Jane Cochran) was born. In 1889 Bly successfully completed an attempt to beat the record of Jules Verne's fictional Phileas Fogg to go 'Around the World in Eighty Days'. Bly was a U.S. newspaper reporter and completed the journey in 72 days, 6 hours, 11 minutes and 14 seconds. 1865 Edmund Ruffin died. He was a pioneer in the study of soil chemistry in the U.S. 1865 William Sheppard of New York City received a patent for liquid soap. 1865 Prosper Montagne was born.Montagne was one of the great French chefs of all time. He is mainly remembered as the creator of Larousse Gastronomique (1938), a comprehensive encyclopedia of French gastronomy. 1865 James H. Mason received the first U.S. patent for a coffee percolator. 1866 Charles Elmer Hires invents root beer. 1866 Eighteen year old Jack Newton Daniel established his distillery in Tennessee. 1866 The indelible pencil is patented by Edson P. Clark of Northhampton, Massachusetts. This was the equivalent of the ball point pen of the time. It was non-erasable, and you didn’t need an ink well. Used for bills, prices, etc., you could also place a damp sheet of tissue paper over the writing to get a mirror image. It must have been time consuming to get a receipt from a restaurant. 1866 Beatrix Potter was born. English author of children's books, her first and most famous story is 'The Tale of Peter Rabbit,' originally written as an illustrated letter to a sick child. 1866 The metric system was authorized to standardize weights and measures in the U.S. (Authorized, yes, but we still don't use it very much). 1866 J. Osterhoudt patented the first tin can with a key opener. 1866 The 2 mile long, 5 foot diameter Chicago Lake Tunnel was completed. It was the first water supply tunnel for a U.S. city. 1866 Gregor (Johann) Mendel published his work on the laws of heredity. Mendel was an Austrian botanist whose work was the foundation of the science of genetics. He worked mainly with garden peas (some 28,000 plants over 7 years). 1867 Patrons of Husbandry, later known as the National Grange, was organized by USDA employee. This was the first general farmers organization to permit women equality of membership and privilege. 1867 The Kansas Pacific Railroad reached Abilene, Kansas. Cattle drives from Texas begin. 1867 Lillian D. Wald was born. She was a scientist and nurse, and among her activities, she helped initiate the enactment of pure food laws in the U.S. 1867 Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge died. A German chemist who developed a method for obtaining sugar from beet juice. 1867 The 2 mile long, 5 foot diameter Chicago Lake Tunnel was activated. It was the first water supply tunnel for a U.S. city. 1867 At the Cafe Anglais Chef Adolphe Duglere served the famous 'Dinner of the Three Emperors,' for Tsar Alexander II of Russia, his son (later to become tsar Alexander III) and King William I of Prussia. The table service used for the dinner is still on display at the oldest existing restaurant in Paris, La Tour d'Argent. 1867 Barbed wire was patented by Lucien B Smith of Kent, Ohio 1867 Reinforced concrete was patented by F. Joseph Monier. He was a Paris gardener, and developed reinforced concrete to use in garden tubs, beams and posts. 1867 Harvard School of Dental Medicine was founded in Boston, Massachusetts. It was the first dental school in the U.S. 1867 Charles Francis Jenkins was born. An inventor who is best known as an early television pioneer. Among his many inventions was a cone-shaped drinking cup. 1867 Maximilian Bircher-Benner was born. He was a Swiss doctor who developed the cereal product 'Muesli,' which is similar to Granola. 1867 Leon Daudet was born. French journalist and novelist, well known gastronome of his time. 1867 J.B. Sutherland patented the refrigerated railroad car. 1867 Joseph C. Gayetty of New York City supposedly invented toilet paper in 1857. 1868 William Davis, a Detroit, Michigan fish dealer, received a patent for a refrigerator car ('ice box on wheels'). He also designed the first refrigerated railway car. 1868 Charles Darwin's 'Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication.' was published. 1868 C.H. Gould of Birminghom, England patented a stapler. (Countless staplers have been patented). 1868 Kit Carson, American frontiersman, died. His last words were supposedly "Wish I had time for just one more bowl of chili." 1868 Christopher Nathan Sholes of Wisconsin patented a mechanical writing machine, called a type-writer. It was as large as a desk, made of black walnut and had black and white keys. He signed a deal with the Remington Arms company for its manufacture in 1873. It was Remington who turned it into a more practical machine. Chefs could now type their recipes so others could read them. (Only Doctors have more illegible handwriting than Chefs). 1869 The first batch of Tabasco Sauce was shipped from Avery Island, Louisiana. 1869 The removable steel plow blade is invented by James Oliver. 1869 John Wesley Hyatt patented celluloid, the first synthetic plastic. 1869 David Grandison Fairchild was born. An American botanist and agriculturalist, he was responsible for introducing many useful plants to the U.S. Author of 'The World Was My Garden,' and 'Exploring for Plants'. 1869 The first American patent for a sweeping machine was issued to Ives W. McGaffney of Chicago. 1869 Charles Elmer Hires sells his first root beer, in Philadelphia. 1869 Frozen food was shipped long distance for the first time. Frozen Texas beef shipped by steamship to New Orleans. 1869 Joseph Dixon died. An American inventor and manufacturer. Among his many accomplishments, he produced the first pencil made in the U.S. 1869 Agoston Haraszthy de Mokcsa died. Agoston Haraszthy de Mokcsa imported 1,400 varieties of grapevines to California in 1862 and planted the first large vineyard in California in the Sonoma Valley. After the devastating phylloxera blight decimated the European vineyards, some of these same vines, now on resistant American root stock, helped rescue the European vineyards. 1869 Henry Tibbe invented the corncob pipe. The pipe was made from a white kernel corn that was used to make taco and tortilla flour. (But can you roll a cigar with a taco wrapper?) 1869 Hippolyte Mege Mouries patented margarine. Emperor Napoleon III had offered a prize for a suitable substitute for butter, for use by the French Navy. 1869 Cornelius Swarthout received the first U.S. patent for a waffle Iron. 1869 Mary Mallon was born. 'Typhoid Mary' was an infamous household cook who was responsible for major outbreaks of typhoid in the New York City area in 1904, 1907, and 1914. She was immune to typhoid herself, but was a carrier of the bacillus, and spread it wherever she worked as a household cook. 1869 The Suez Canal opened, linking the Red Sea with the Mediterranean Sea. 1869 The 3 masted clipper ship 'Cutty Sark' was launched at Dunbarton, Scotland. It was one of the last to be built and is the only one surviving today. It is 212 feet long and 36 feet wide. It was initially used in the English/Chinese tea trade. Fully restored in 1957, it is in dry berth in Greenwich, London as a sailing museum. 1869 William Finley Semple patented the first chewing gum, although he never commercially manufactured any gum. 1869 Joseph Campbell, a fruit merchant, and Abram Anderson , an icbox maker got together to can tomatoes, vegetables, fruit preserves, etc. This was the beginning of the Campbell Soup Company. 1869 Beer was first sold in bottles by English brewer Francis Manning-Needham.
1860 M.L. Byrn patented a new and improved corkscrew. 1860 Farmers made up 58 percent of the labor force. 1860 The first Pony Express mail delivery service by horse and rider between St. Joseph, Missouri to Sacramento, California began. The 1,800 mile run took 10 days. 1860 Will Kieth Kellogg was born. Founded Battle Creek Toasted Corn Flake Co. (W.K. Kellogg Company) to manufacture cereals (cornflakes were the first) developed by his brother John Harvey Kellogg. 1860 The first Pony Express mail delivery service by horse and rider between St. Joseph, Missouri to Sacramento, California was completed. The 1,800 mile run took 10 days. 1860 Mary Jane Rathbun was born. A marine zoologist and crustacean expert. 1860 Charles Goodyear died. He invented the process named 'vulcanization' which made the commercial use of rubber possible. Vulcanized rubber didn't become brittle in winter and turn gummy in summer as natural rubber did. 1860 Chapin Aaron Harris died. He was cofounder of the first dental school in the world, the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery. 1861 David Wesson was born. Wesson was an American chemist and in 1900 he developed a method to make pure cotton seed oil palatable, and formed the Southern Oil Company. Wesson Oil was the first vegetable oil used in the U.S. Cotton seed oil is noted for its lack of taste, which allows the flavors of foods to come through. It is used in margarines, salad dressings, and in commercially fried foods. 1861 Samuel Slocum died. He invented a machine to make pins with solid heads and a machine for sticking the pins in a paper holder for sale. 1861 John Stevens Henslow died. This British clergyman and botanist was a mentor of Charles Darwin. To get farmers to apply scientific methods, he gave lectures on the fermentation of manure. He also showed Irish farmers how to get starch from rotten potatoes during the potato famine of 1845-1846. 1861 Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins was born. He discovered what we now call 'vitamins,' essential nutrients needed to maintain health. 1861 The first U.S. national income tax is passed to aid the Union war effort. 1861 William Wrigley, Jr. was born. William Wrigley Jr. started out as a traveling salesman at the age of 13, selling soap for his father's company. He had a series of sales jobs, one which gave chewing gum as a premium. Customers liked the gum better than the product, so he was soon marketing his own gum, Juicy Fruit in 1893, and later that year Wrigley's Spearmint. He was an advertising genius, and his company became one of the largest advertisers in the U.S., and the largest chewing gum manufacturer in the world. 1861 The first transcontinental telegraph was completed and went into operation. Within days the Pony Express ceased operations. 1861 or 1864 George Washington Carver was Born. African American botanist, educator, agricultural chemist and innovator. He developed hundreds of uses for peanuts, soybeans and sweet potatoes. He established the George Washington Carver Research Foundation at Tuskegee, for agricultural research. 1862 The U.S. Bureau of Agriculture was established. It became the USDA (Department of Agriculture) in 1889. 1862 The Cafe du Monde opened in the French Market of New Orleans. 1862 First large vineyards planted in California. Agoston Haraszthy de Mokcsa brought 1,400 varieties of grapevines from Europe to California in 1862, and planted the first large vineyard in California in the Sonoma Valley. After the phyloxera blight destroyed much of Europe’s vineyards, some of these same vines, now on resistant root stock, helped save the European wine industries. 1862 John D. Lynde of Philadelphia patented the first aerosol dispenser 1862 Henry David Thoreau died. American author, philosopher, and naturalist. Author of 'Walden; or, Life in the Woods.' 1862 President Lincoln signed the Homestead Act into law. It opened millions of acres Western land to settlers. 1862 W.H. Fancher and C.M. French patented a combined plow and gun. 1862 The first Land Grant Act was passed. Public lands were sold for agricultural education. This was the start of many state universities. 1862 Dr. Alexander P. Anderson was born. He developed Puffed Rice in NYC in 1902, which was introduced to the world at the St. Louis World's Fair in 1904. 1863 Daniel Freeman is the first to submit a claim under the new Homestead Act, for 160 acres near Beatrice, Nebraska. 1863 James Plimpton of New York patented 4 wheeled roller skates. 1863 London's Metropolitan, the first underground passenger railroad opened at 6 a.m. 1863 Women rioted in Salisbury, North Carolina, to protest the lack of flour and salt in the Confederacy. 1863 Women rioted in Salisbury, North Carolina, to protest the lack of flour and salt in the Confederacy. 1863 THE RICHMOND BREAD RIOTS. Shortages of food caused hundreds of angry women gathered in Richmond, Virginia to march on the governor's office and then on the government commissary to demand bread. It ended in a riot when they broke into the commissary and then other shops & buildings and carried out anything they could carry. Even the hospital reported losing over 300 pounds of beef. Arrests were made, but at the request of authorities, the newspapers downplayed the incident, and records were later destroyed when the Confederate government fled and burned much of the town behind them. 1863 Curtis Fletcher Marbut was born. American geologist and one of the founders of modern soil science. He was with the U.S. Bureau of Soils for 25 years. 1863 Abraham Lincoln declared that Thanksgiving Day would be an annual event celebrated on the last Thursday in November. 1863 J.T. Alden was issued a patent for an improved method of manufacturing dried yeast. 1863 Leo Hendrik Baekeland was born. He was a chemist who invented Bakelite, the first plastic that did not soften when heated. Those black plastic knobs on stoves were made of bakelite. 1863 Thanksgiving was first celebrated as a regular American Holiday. 1863 Richard Warren Sears was born. He developed his mail-order jewelry business (1886) into the Sears Roebuck & Company. By 1894 the Sears catalog was 507 pages. 1863 Gerard Adriaan Heineken bought the Amsterdam brewery, 'The Haystack', which dated back to 1592. This was the beginning of Heineken beer. 1863 Frederick Walton of London patented Linoleum. The standard kitchen flooring. 1863 Granula, probably the first breakfast cereal is introduced. It was created by Dr. James C. Jackson of Dansville, N.Y. 1863 US Department of Agriculture created Massachusetts Agricultural College (University of Massachusetts) 1864 Work began on a 2 mile long, 5 foot diameter, water supply tunnel for Chicago. It was completed in 1867. 1864 John Jacob Astor IV born. Great grandson of John Jacob Astor, who founded the family fortune. John Jacob IV built the Astoria section of what would become the Waldorf Astoria Hotel (1897) in New York city (this was on the site where the Empire State building would be built in 1929). He also built the Knickerbocker and the St. Regis hotels. He died on the Titanic. 1864 Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec was born. French artist who documented Parisian night life in the 1890s with his insightful posters. 1864 John Fowler died. An English Engineer, he invented the steam-hauled plow and several other special use plows. 1864 or 1861 George Washington Carver was Born. African American botanist, educator, agricultural chemist and innovator. He developed hundreds of uses for peanuts, soybeans and sweet potatoes. He established the George Washington Carver Research Foundation at Tuskegee, for agricultural research. 1865 A horse meat banquet is held at the Grand Hotel in Paris. 1865 Cornell University was chartered. Cornell is an agricultural land grant university endowed by Ezra Cornell, one of the founders of Western Union Telegraph Co. Today, Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, offers many programs, including Agricultural and Life Sciences, Hotel Administration, and Nutritional Sciences. 1865 Nellie Bly (Elizabeth Jane Cochran) was born. In 1889 Bly successfully completed an attempt to beat the record of Jules Verne's fictional Phileas Fogg to go 'Around the World in Eighty Days'. Bly was a U.S. newspaper reporter and completed the journey in 72 days, 6 hours, 11 minutes and 14 seconds. 1865 Edmund Ruffin died. He was a pioneer in the study of soil chemistry in the U.S. 1865 William Sheppard of New York City received a patent for liquid soap. 1865 Prosper Montagne was born.Montagne was one of the great French chefs of all time. He is mainly remembered as the creator of Larousse Gastronomique (1938), a comprehensive encyclopedia of French gastronomy. 1865 James H. Mason received the first U.S. patent for a coffee percolator. 1866 Charles Elmer Hires invents root beer. 1866 Eighteen year old Jack Newton Daniel established his distillery in Tennessee. 1866 The indelible pencil is patented by Edson P. Clark of Northhampton, Massachusetts. This was the equivalent of the ball point pen of the time. It was non-erasable, and you didn’t need an ink well. Used for bills, prices, etc., you could also place a damp sheet of tissue paper over the writing to get a mirror image. It must have been time consuming to get a receipt from a restaurant. 1866 Beatrix Potter was born. English author of children's books, her first and most famous story is 'The Tale of Peter Rabbit,' originally written as an illustrated letter to a sick child. 1866 The metric system was authorized to standardize weights and measures in the U.S. (Authorized, yes, but we still don't use it very much). 1866 J. Osterhoudt patented the first tin can with a key opener. 1866 The 2 mile long, 5 foot diameter Chicago Lake Tunnel was completed. It was the first water supply tunnel for a U.S. city. 1866 Gregor (Johann) Mendel published his work on the laws of heredity. Mendel was an Austrian botanist whose work was the foundation of the science of genetics. He worked mainly with garden peas (some 28,000 plants over 7 years). 1867 Patrons of Husbandry, later known as the National Grange, was organized by USDA employee. This was the first general farmers organization to permit women equality of membership and privilege. 1867 The Kansas Pacific Railroad reached Abilene, Kansas. Cattle drives from Texas begin. 1867 Lillian D. Wald was born. She was a scientist and nurse, and among her activities, she helped initiate the enactment of pure food laws in the U.S. 1867 Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge died. A German chemist who developed a method for obtaining sugar from beet juice. 1867 The 2 mile long, 5 foot diameter Chicago Lake Tunnel was activated. It was the first water supply tunnel for a U.S. city. 1867 At the Cafe Anglais Chef Adolphe Duglere served the famous 'Dinner of the Three Emperors,' for Tsar Alexander II of Russia, his son (later to become tsar Alexander III) and King William I of Prussia. The table service used for the dinner is still on display at the oldest existing restaurant in Paris, La Tour d'Argent. 1867 Barbed wire was patented by Lucien B Smith of Kent, Ohio 1867 Reinforced concrete was patented by F. Joseph Monier. He was a Paris gardener, and developed reinforced concrete to use in garden tubs, beams and posts. 1867 Harvard School of Dental Medicine was founded in Boston, Massachusetts. It was the first dental school in the U.S. 1867 Charles Francis Jenkins was born. An inventor who is best known as an early television pioneer. Among his many inventions was a cone-shaped drinking cup. 1867 Maximilian Bircher-Benner was born. He was a Swiss doctor who developed the cereal product 'Muesli,' which is similar to Granola. 1867 Leon Daudet was born. French journalist and novelist, well known gastronome of his time. 1867 J.B. Sutherland patented the refrigerated railroad car. 1867 Joseph C. Gayetty of New York City supposedly invented toilet paper in 1857. 1868 William Davis, a Detroit, Michigan fish dealer, received a patent for a refrigerator car ('ice box on wheels'). He also designed the first refrigerated railway car. 1868 Charles Darwin's 'Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication.' was published. 1868 C.H. Gould of Birminghom, England patented a stapler. (Countless staplers have been patented). 1868 Kit Carson, American frontiersman, died. His last words were supposedly "Wish I had time for just one more bowl of chili." 1868 Christopher Nathan Sholes of Wisconsin patented a mechanical writing machine, called a type-writer. It was as large as a desk, made of black walnut and had black and white keys. He signed a deal with the Remington Arms company for its manufacture in 1873. It was Remington who turned it into a more practical machine. Chefs could now type their recipes so others could read them. (Only Doctors have more illegible handwriting than Chefs). 1869 The first batch of Tabasco Sauce was shipped from Avery Island, Louisiana. 1869 The removable steel plow blade is invented by James Oliver. 1869 John Wesley Hyatt patented celluloid, the first synthetic plastic. 1869 David Grandison Fairchild was born. An American botanist and agriculturalist, he was responsible for introducing many useful plants to the U.S. Author of 'The World Was My Garden,' and 'Exploring for Plants'. 1869 The first American patent for a sweeping machine was issued to Ives W. McGaffney of Chicago. 1869 Charles Elmer Hires sells his first root beer, in Philadelphia. 1869 Frozen food was shipped long distance for the first time. Frozen Texas beef shipped by steamship to New Orleans. 1869 Joseph Dixon died. An American inventor and manufacturer. Among his many accomplishments, he produced the first pencil made in the U.S. 1869 Agoston Haraszthy de Mokcsa died. Agoston Haraszthy de Mokcsa imported 1,400 varieties of grapevines to California in 1862 and planted the first large vineyard in California in the Sonoma Valley. After the devastating phylloxera blight decimated the European vineyards, some of these same vines, now on resistant American root stock, helped rescue the European vineyards. 1869 Henry Tibbe invented the corncob pipe. The pipe was made from a white kernel corn that was used to make taco and tortilla flour. (But can you roll a cigar with a taco wrapper?) 1869 Hippolyte Mege Mouries patented margarine. Emperor Napoleon III had offered a prize for a suitable substitute for butter, for use by the French Navy. 1869 Cornelius Swarthout received the first U.S. patent for a waffle Iron. 1869 Mary Mallon was born. 'Typhoid Mary' was an infamous household cook who was responsible for major outbreaks of typhoid in the New York City area in 1904, 1907, and 1914. She was immune to typhoid herself, but was a carrier of the bacillus, and spread it wherever she worked as a household cook. 1869 The Suez Canal opened, linking the Red Sea with the Mediterranean Sea. 1869 The 3 masted clipper ship 'Cutty Sark' was launched at Dunbarton, Scotland. It was one of the last to be built and is the only one surviving today. It is 212 feet long and 36 feet wide. It was initially used in the English/Chinese tea trade. Fully restored in 1957, it is in dry berth in Greenwich, London as a sailing museum. 1869 William Finley Semple patented the first chewing gum, although he never commercially manufactured any gum. 1869 Joseph Campbell, a fruit merchant, and Abram Anderson , an icbox maker got together to can tomatoes, vegetables, fruit preserves, etc. This was the beginning of the Campbell Soup Company. 1869 Beer was first sold in bottles by English brewer Francis Manning-Needham.
This is a time line from the 1860s-1869s. These different kinds of foods were made in the 1860s.
At the bottom of the time line is a website to find the all the foods from the time line.You can learn how to make it the way in the old days. In th days now we have eggs and milk, but in the old days they don't use it because sometimes they don't have what they need so they use what they have.
You can find some foods that you can feed your baby. The baby food they feed sometimes be heathly. You can make a lot of food for a week.
Sometimes the kids are alone and have nothing to eat. These recipes are easy to make and are delicious.
writen by-Kiara Jones
fish & chips---1860---
cranberries in Wisconsin---1860---
Vernor's Ginger Ale---1862---
breakfast cereal---1863---
Conversation Hearts---1866---
Underwood Deviled Ham---1867---
synthetic baby food---1867---
Tabasco sauce---1868---
Fleischmann's Yeast---1868---
Campbell's Soup---1869---fish & chips---1860---
cranberries in Wisconsin---1860---
Vernor's Ginger Ale---1862---
breakfast cereal---1863---
Conversation Hearts---1866---
Underwood Deviled Ham---1867---
synthetic baby food---1867---
Tabasco sauce---1868---
Fleischmann's Yeast---1868---
Campbell's Soup---1869------1860---Cakes & plum puddings, Godey's Lady's Book
---1860s---Baked Alaska & ice tea
---1861---Charles Elme Francatelli's Baked Goose
---1861---//Mrs. Beeton's Book of Household Management//
---1861---Beef Stroganoff & popcorn balls
---1861-1865---hardtack
---1863---//Confederate Receipt Book//, Richmond VA
---1863---fruit salad & Mock apple pie
---1864---Sanderson's //Complete Confectioner// & //Complete Cook//
---1864---Apple Crisp & Apple Brown Betty
---1865---Mrs. Goodfellow's //Cookery as it should be//
---1866---//The National Cookbook//, Hannah Peterson
---1868---//The Dominion Home Cookbook//, Toronto
---1869---parfait & Chateaubriand
---1869---//Wright's book of 3000 practical receipts//
---1869---Pickled limes, Little Women
Found by Kindra and Kiara
http://www.foodtimeline.org/index.html
This is a picture of the Civil War people making food and getting food.
Found by, Lizette
FOOD HISTORY TIMELINE 1860 to 1869 - Next
1860 M.L. Byrn patented a new and improved corkscrew.1860 Farmers made up 58 percent of the labor force.
1860 The first Pony Express mail delivery service by horse and rider between St. Joseph, Missouri to Sacramento, California began. The 1,800 mile run took 10 days.
1860 Will Kieth Kellogg was born. Founded Battle Creek Toasted Corn Flake Co. (W.K. Kellogg Company) to manufacture cereals (cornflakes were the first) developed by his brother John Harvey Kellogg.
1860 The first Pony Express mail delivery service by horse and rider between St. Joseph, Missouri to Sacramento, California was completed. The 1,800 mile run took 10 days.
1860 Mary Jane Rathbun was born. A marine zoologist and crustacean expert.
1860 Charles Goodyear died. He invented the process named 'vulcanization' which made the commercial use of rubber possible. Vulcanized rubber didn't become brittle in winter and turn gummy in summer as natural rubber did.
1860 Chapin Aaron Harris died. He was cofounder of the first dental school in the world, the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery.
1861 David Wesson was born. Wesson was an American chemist and in 1900 he developed a method to make pure cotton seed oil palatable, and formed the Southern Oil Company. Wesson Oil was the first vegetable oil used in the U.S. Cotton seed oil is noted for its lack of taste, which allows the flavors of foods to come through. It is used in margarines, salad dressings, and in commercially fried foods.
1861 Samuel Slocum died. He invented a machine to make pins with solid heads and a machine for sticking the pins in a paper holder for sale.
1861 John Stevens Henslow died. This British clergyman and botanist was a mentor of Charles Darwin. To get farmers to apply scientific methods, he gave lectures on the fermentation of manure. He also showed Irish farmers how to get starch from rotten potatoes during the potato famine of 1845-1846.
1861 Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins was born. He discovered what we now call 'vitamins,' essential nutrients needed to maintain health.
1861 The first U.S. national income tax is passed to aid the Union war effort.
1861 William Wrigley, Jr. was born. William Wrigley Jr. started out as a traveling salesman at the age of 13, selling soap for his father's company. He had a series of sales jobs, one which gave chewing gum as a premium. Customers liked the gum better than the product, so he was soon marketing his own gum, Juicy Fruit in 1893, and later that year Wrigley's Spearmint. He was an advertising genius, and his company became one of the largest advertisers in the U.S., and the largest chewing gum manufacturer in the world.
1861 The first transcontinental telegraph was completed and went into operation. Within days the Pony Express ceased operations.
1861 or 1864 George Washington Carver was Born. African American botanist, educator, agricultural chemist and innovator. He developed hundreds of uses for peanuts, soybeans and sweet potatoes. He established the George Washington Carver Research Foundation at Tuskegee, for agricultural research.
1862 The U.S. Bureau of Agriculture was established. It became the USDA (Department of Agriculture) in 1889.
1862 The Cafe du Monde opened in the French Market of New Orleans.
1862 First large vineyards planted in California. Agoston Haraszthy de Mokcsa brought 1,400 varieties of grapevines from Europe to California in 1862, and planted the first large vineyard in California in the Sonoma Valley. After the phyloxera blight destroyed much of Europe’s vineyards, some of these same vines, now on resistant root stock, helped save the European wine industries.
1862 John D. Lynde of Philadelphia patented the first aerosol dispenser
1862 Henry David Thoreau died. American author, philosopher, and naturalist. Author of 'Walden; or, Life in the Woods.'
1862 President Lincoln signed the Homestead Act into law. It opened millions of acres Western land to settlers.
1862 W.H. Fancher and C.M. French patented a combined plow and gun.
1862 The first Land Grant Act was passed. Public lands were sold for agricultural education. This was the start of many state universities.
1862 Dr. Alexander P. Anderson was born. He developed Puffed Rice in NYC in 1902, which was introduced to the world at the St. Louis World's Fair in 1904.
1863 Daniel Freeman is the first to submit a claim under the new Homestead Act, for 160 acres near Beatrice, Nebraska.
1863 James Plimpton of New York patented 4 wheeled roller skates.
1863 London's Metropolitan, the first underground passenger railroad opened at 6 a.m.
1863 Women rioted in Salisbury, North Carolina, to protest the lack of flour and salt in the Confederacy.
1863 Women rioted in Salisbury, North Carolina, to protest the lack of flour and salt in the Confederacy.
1863 THE RICHMOND BREAD RIOTS. Shortages of food caused hundreds of angry women gathered in Richmond, Virginia to march on the governor's office and then on the government commissary to demand bread. It ended in a riot when they broke into the commissary and then other shops & buildings and carried out anything they could carry. Even the hospital reported losing over 300 pounds of beef. Arrests were made, but at the request of authorities, the newspapers downplayed the incident, and records were later destroyed when the Confederate government fled and burned much of the town behind them.
1863 Curtis Fletcher Marbut was born. American geologist and one of the founders of modern soil science. He was with the U.S. Bureau of Soils for 25 years.
1863 Abraham Lincoln declared that Thanksgiving Day would be an annual event celebrated on the last Thursday in November.
1863 J.T. Alden was issued a patent for an improved method of manufacturing dried yeast.
1863 Leo Hendrik Baekeland was born. He was a chemist who invented Bakelite, the first plastic that did not soften when heated. Those black plastic knobs on stoves were made of bakelite.
1863 Thanksgiving was first celebrated as a regular American Holiday.
1863 Richard Warren Sears was born. He developed his mail-order jewelry business (1886) into the Sears Roebuck & Company. By 1894 the Sears catalog was 507 pages.
1863 Gerard Adriaan Heineken bought the Amsterdam brewery, 'The Haystack', which dated back to 1592. This was the beginning of Heineken beer.
1863 Frederick Walton of London patented Linoleum. The standard kitchen flooring.
1863 Granula, probably the first breakfast cereal is introduced. It was created by Dr. James C. Jackson of Dansville, N.Y.
1863 US Department of Agriculture created Massachusetts Agricultural College (University of Massachusetts)
1864 Work began on a 2 mile long, 5 foot diameter, water supply tunnel for Chicago. It was completed in 1867.
1864 John Jacob Astor IV born. Great grandson of John Jacob Astor, who founded the family fortune. John Jacob IV built the Astoria section of what would become the Waldorf Astoria Hotel (1897) in New York city (this was on the site where the Empire State building would be built in 1929). He also built the Knickerbocker and the St. Regis hotels. He died on the Titanic.
1864 Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec was born. French artist who documented Parisian night life in the 1890s with his insightful posters.
1864 John Fowler died. An English Engineer, he invented the steam-hauled plow and several other special use plows.
1864 or 1861 George Washington Carver was Born. African American botanist, educator, agricultural chemist and innovator. He developed hundreds of uses for peanuts, soybeans and sweet potatoes. He established the George Washington Carver Research Foundation at Tuskegee, for agricultural research.
1865 A horse meat banquet is held at the Grand Hotel in Paris.
1865 Cornell University was chartered. Cornell is an agricultural land grant university endowed by Ezra Cornell, one of the founders of Western Union Telegraph Co. Today, Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, offers many programs, including Agricultural and Life Sciences, Hotel Administration, and Nutritional Sciences.
1865 Nellie Bly (Elizabeth Jane Cochran) was born. In 1889 Bly successfully completed an attempt to beat the record of Jules Verne's fictional Phileas Fogg to go 'Around the World in Eighty Days'. Bly was a U.S. newspaper reporter and completed the journey in 72 days, 6 hours, 11 minutes and 14 seconds.
1865 Edmund Ruffin died. He was a pioneer in the study of soil chemistry in the U.S.
1865 William Sheppard of New York City received a patent for liquid soap.
1865 Prosper Montagne was born.Montagne was one of the great French chefs of all time. He is mainly remembered as the creator of Larousse Gastronomique (1938), a comprehensive encyclopedia of French gastronomy.
1865 James H. Mason received the first U.S. patent for a coffee percolator.
1866 Charles Elmer Hires invents root beer.
1866 Eighteen year old Jack Newton Daniel established his distillery in Tennessee.
1866 The indelible pencil is patented by Edson P. Clark of Northhampton, Massachusetts. This was the equivalent of the ball point pen of the time. It was non-erasable, and you didn’t need an ink well. Used for bills, prices, etc., you could also place a damp sheet of tissue paper over the writing to get a mirror image. It must have been time consuming to get a receipt from a restaurant.
1866 Beatrix Potter was born. English author of children's books, her first and most famous story is 'The Tale of Peter Rabbit,' originally written as an illustrated letter to a sick child.
1866 The metric system was authorized to standardize weights and measures in the U.S. (Authorized, yes, but we still don't use it very much).
1866 J. Osterhoudt patented the first tin can with a key opener.
1866 The 2 mile long, 5 foot diameter Chicago Lake Tunnel was completed. It was the first water supply tunnel for a U.S. city.
1866 Gregor (Johann) Mendel published his work on the laws of heredity. Mendel was an Austrian botanist whose work was the foundation of the science of genetics. He worked mainly with garden peas (some 28,000 plants over 7 years).
1867 Patrons of Husbandry, later known as the National Grange, was organized by USDA employee. This was the first general farmers organization to permit women equality of membership and privilege.
1867 The Kansas Pacific Railroad reached Abilene, Kansas. Cattle drives from Texas begin.
1867 Lillian D. Wald was born. She was a scientist and nurse, and among her activities, she helped initiate the enactment of pure food laws in the U.S.
1867 Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge died. A German chemist who developed a method for obtaining sugar from beet juice.
1867 The 2 mile long, 5 foot diameter Chicago Lake Tunnel was activated. It was the first water supply tunnel for a U.S. city.
1867 At the Cafe Anglais Chef Adolphe Duglere served the famous 'Dinner of the Three Emperors,' for Tsar Alexander II of Russia, his son (later to become tsar Alexander III) and King William I of Prussia. The table service used for the dinner is still on display at the oldest existing restaurant in Paris, La Tour d'Argent.
1867 Barbed wire was patented by Lucien B Smith of Kent, Ohio
1867 Reinforced concrete was patented by F. Joseph Monier. He was a Paris gardener, and developed reinforced concrete to use in garden tubs, beams and posts.
1867 Harvard School of Dental Medicine was founded in Boston, Massachusetts. It was the first dental school in the U.S.
1867 Charles Francis Jenkins was born. An inventor who is best known as an early television pioneer. Among his many inventions was a cone-shaped drinking cup.
1867 Maximilian Bircher-Benner was born. He was a Swiss doctor who developed the cereal product 'Muesli,' which is similar to Granola.
1867 Leon Daudet was born. French journalist and novelist, well known gastronome of his time.
1867 J.B. Sutherland patented the refrigerated railroad car.
1867 Joseph C. Gayetty of New York City supposedly invented toilet paper in 1857.
1868 William Davis, a Detroit, Michigan fish dealer, received a patent for a refrigerator car ('ice box on wheels'). He also designed the first refrigerated railway car.
1868 Charles Darwin's 'Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication.' was published.
1868 C.H. Gould of Birminghom, England patented a stapler. (Countless staplers have been patented).
1868 Kit Carson, American frontiersman, died. His last words were supposedly "Wish I had time for just one more bowl of chili."
1868 Christopher Nathan Sholes of Wisconsin patented a mechanical writing machine, called a type-writer. It was as large as a desk, made of black walnut and had black and white keys. He signed a deal with the Remington Arms company for its manufacture in 1873. It was Remington who turned it into a more practical machine. Chefs could now type their recipes so others could read them. (Only Doctors have more illegible handwriting than Chefs).
1869 The first batch of Tabasco Sauce was shipped from Avery Island, Louisiana.
1869 The removable steel plow blade is invented by James Oliver.
1869 John Wesley Hyatt patented celluloid, the first synthetic plastic.
1869 David Grandison Fairchild was born. An American botanist and agriculturalist, he was responsible for introducing many useful plants to the U.S. Author of 'The World Was My Garden,' and 'Exploring for Plants'.
1869 The first American patent for a sweeping machine was issued to Ives W. McGaffney of Chicago.
1869 Charles Elmer Hires sells his first root beer, in Philadelphia.
1869 Frozen food was shipped long distance for the first time. Frozen Texas beef shipped by steamship to New Orleans.
1869 Joseph Dixon died. An American inventor and manufacturer. Among his many accomplishments, he produced the first pencil made in the U.S.
1869 Agoston Haraszthy de Mokcsa died. Agoston Haraszthy de Mokcsa imported 1,400 varieties of grapevines to California in 1862 and planted the first large vineyard in California in the Sonoma Valley. After the devastating phylloxera blight decimated the European vineyards, some of these same vines, now on resistant American root stock, helped rescue the European vineyards.
1869 Henry Tibbe invented the corncob pipe. The pipe was made from a white kernel corn that was used to make taco and tortilla flour. (But can you roll a cigar with a taco wrapper?)
1869 Hippolyte Mege Mouries patented margarine. Emperor Napoleon III had offered a prize for a suitable substitute for butter, for use by the French Navy.
1869 Cornelius Swarthout received the first U.S. patent for a waffle Iron.
1869 Mary Mallon was born. 'Typhoid Mary' was an infamous household cook who was responsible for major outbreaks of typhoid in the New York City area in 1904, 1907, and 1914. She was immune to typhoid herself, but was a carrier of the bacillus, and spread it wherever she worked as a household cook.
1869 The Suez Canal opened, linking the Red Sea with the Mediterranean Sea.
1869 The 3 masted clipper ship 'Cutty Sark' was launched at Dunbarton, Scotland. It was one of the last to be built and is the only one surviving today. It is 212 feet long and 36 feet wide. It was initially used in the English/Chinese tea trade. Fully restored in 1957, it is in dry berth in Greenwich, London as a sailing museum.
1869 William Finley Semple patented the first chewing gum, although he never commercially manufactured any gum.
1869 Joseph Campbell, a fruit merchant, and Abram Anderson , an icbox maker got together to can tomatoes, vegetables, fruit preserves, etc. This was the beginning of the Campbell Soup Company.
1869 Beer was first sold in bottles by English brewer Francis Manning-Needham.
FOOD HISTORY TIMELINE 1860 to 1869 - Next
1860 M.L. Byrn patented a new and improved corkscrew.1860 Farmers made up 58 percent of the labor force.
1860 The first Pony Express mail delivery service by horse and rider between St. Joseph, Missouri to Sacramento, California began. The 1,800 mile run took 10 days.
1860 Will Kieth Kellogg was born. Founded Battle Creek Toasted Corn Flake Co. (W.K. Kellogg Company) to manufacture cereals (cornflakes were the first) developed by his brother John Harvey Kellogg.
1860 The first Pony Express mail delivery service by horse and rider between St. Joseph, Missouri to Sacramento, California was completed. The 1,800 mile run took 10 days.
1860 Mary Jane Rathbun was born. A marine zoologist and crustacean expert.
1860 Charles Goodyear died. He invented the process named 'vulcanization' which made the commercial use of rubber possible. Vulcanized rubber didn't become brittle in winter and turn gummy in summer as natural rubber did.
1860 Chapin Aaron Harris died. He was cofounder of the first dental school in the world, the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery.
1861 David Wesson was born. Wesson was an American chemist and in 1900 he developed a method to make pure cotton seed oil palatable, and formed the Southern Oil Company. Wesson Oil was the first vegetable oil used in the U.S. Cotton seed oil is noted for its lack of taste, which allows the flavors of foods to come through. It is used in margarines, salad dressings, and in commercially fried foods.
1861 Samuel Slocum died. He invented a machine to make pins with solid heads and a machine for sticking the pins in a paper holder for sale.
1861 John Stevens Henslow died. This British clergyman and botanist was a mentor of Charles Darwin. To get farmers to apply scientific methods, he gave lectures on the fermentation of manure. He also showed Irish farmers how to get starch from rotten potatoes during the potato famine of 1845-1846.
1861 Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins was born. He discovered what we now call 'vitamins,' essential nutrients needed to maintain health.
1861 The first U.S. national income tax is passed to aid the Union war effort.
1861 William Wrigley, Jr. was born. William Wrigley Jr. started out as a traveling salesman at the age of 13, selling soap for his father's company. He had a series of sales jobs, one which gave chewing gum as a premium. Customers liked the gum better than the product, so he was soon marketing his own gum, Juicy Fruit in 1893, and later that year Wrigley's Spearmint. He was an advertising genius, and his company became one of the largest advertisers in the U.S., and the largest chewing gum manufacturer in the world.
1861 The first transcontinental telegraph was completed and went into operation. Within days the Pony Express ceased operations.
1861 or 1864 George Washington Carver was Born. African American botanist, educator, agricultural chemist and innovator. He developed hundreds of uses for peanuts, soybeans and sweet potatoes. He established the George Washington Carver Research Foundation at Tuskegee, for agricultural research.
1862 The U.S. Bureau of Agriculture was established. It became the USDA (Department of Agriculture) in 1889.
1862 The Cafe du Monde opened in the French Market of New Orleans.
1862 First large vineyards planted in California. Agoston Haraszthy de Mokcsa brought 1,400 varieties of grapevines from Europe to California in 1862, and planted the first large vineyard in California in the Sonoma Valley. After the phyloxera blight destroyed much of Europe’s vineyards, some of these same vines, now on resistant root stock, helped save the European wine industries.
1862 John D. Lynde of Philadelphia patented the first aerosol dispenser
1862 Henry David Thoreau died. American author, philosopher, and naturalist. Author of 'Walden; or, Life in the Woods.'
1862 President Lincoln signed the Homestead Act into law. It opened millions of acres Western land to settlers.
1862 W.H. Fancher and C.M. French patented a combined plow and gun.
1862 The first Land Grant Act was passed. Public lands were sold for agricultural education. This was the start of many state universities.
1862 Dr. Alexander P. Anderson was born. He developed Puffed Rice in NYC in 1902, which was introduced to the world at the St. Louis World's Fair in 1904.
1863 Daniel Freeman is the first to submit a claim under the new Homestead Act, for 160 acres near Beatrice, Nebraska.
1863 James Plimpton of New York patented 4 wheeled roller skates.
1863 London's Metropolitan, the first underground passenger railroad opened at 6 a.m.
1863 Women rioted in Salisbury, North Carolina, to protest the lack of flour and salt in the Confederacy.
1863 Women rioted in Salisbury, North Carolina, to protest the lack of flour and salt in the Confederacy.
1863 THE RICHMOND BREAD RIOTS. Shortages of food caused hundreds of angry women gathered in Richmond, Virginia to march on the governor's office and then on the government commissary to demand bread. It ended in a riot when they broke into the commissary and then other shops & buildings and carried out anything they could carry. Even the hospital reported losing over 300 pounds of beef. Arrests were made, but at the request of authorities, the newspapers downplayed the incident, and records were later destroyed when the Confederate government fled and burned much of the town behind them.
1863 Curtis Fletcher Marbut was born. American geologist and one of the founders of modern soil science. He was with the U.S. Bureau of Soils for 25 years.
1863 Abraham Lincoln declared that Thanksgiving Day would be an annual event celebrated on the last Thursday in November.
1863 J.T. Alden was issued a patent for an improved method of manufacturing dried yeast.
1863 Leo Hendrik Baekeland was born. He was a chemist who invented Bakelite, the first plastic that did not soften when heated. Those black plastic knobs on stoves were made of bakelite.
1863 Thanksgiving was first celebrated as a regular American Holiday.
1863 Richard Warren Sears was born. He developed his mail-order jewelry business (1886) into the Sears Roebuck & Company. By 1894 the Sears catalog was 507 pages.
1863 Gerard Adriaan Heineken bought the Amsterdam brewery, 'The Haystack', which dated back to 1592. This was the beginning of Heineken beer.
1863 Frederick Walton of London patented Linoleum. The standard kitchen flooring.
1863 Granula, probably the first breakfast cereal is introduced. It was created by Dr. James C. Jackson of Dansville, N.Y.
1863 US Department of Agriculture created Massachusetts Agricultural College (University of Massachusetts)
1864 Work began on a 2 mile long, 5 foot diameter, water supply tunnel for Chicago. It was completed in 1867.
1864 John Jacob Astor IV born. Great grandson of John Jacob Astor, who founded the family fortune. John Jacob IV built the Astoria section of what would become the Waldorf Astoria Hotel (1897) in New York city (this was on the site where the Empire State building would be built in 1929). He also built the Knickerbocker and the St. Regis hotels. He died on the Titanic.
1864 Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec was born. French artist who documented Parisian night life in the 1890s with his insightful posters.
1864 John Fowler died. An English Engineer, he invented the steam-hauled plow and several other special use plows.
1864 or 1861 George Washington Carver was Born. African American botanist, educator, agricultural chemist and innovator. He developed hundreds of uses for peanuts, soybeans and sweet potatoes. He established the George Washington Carver Research Foundation at Tuskegee, for agricultural research.
1865 A horse meat banquet is held at the Grand Hotel in Paris.
1865 Cornell University was chartered. Cornell is an agricultural land grant university endowed by Ezra Cornell, one of the founders of Western Union Telegraph Co. Today, Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, offers many programs, including Agricultural and Life Sciences, Hotel Administration, and Nutritional Sciences.
1865 Nellie Bly (Elizabeth Jane Cochran) was born. In 1889 Bly successfully completed an attempt to beat the record of Jules Verne's fictional Phileas Fogg to go 'Around the World in Eighty Days'. Bly was a U.S. newspaper reporter and completed the journey in 72 days, 6 hours, 11 minutes and 14 seconds.
1865 Edmund Ruffin died. He was a pioneer in the study of soil chemistry in the U.S.
1865 William Sheppard of New York City received a patent for liquid soap.
1865 Prosper Montagne was born.Montagne was one of the great French chefs of all time. He is mainly remembered as the creator of Larousse Gastronomique (1938), a comprehensive encyclopedia of French gastronomy.
1865 James H. Mason received the first U.S. patent for a coffee percolator.
1866 Charles Elmer Hires invents root beer.
1866 Eighteen year old Jack Newton Daniel established his distillery in Tennessee.
1866 The indelible pencil is patented by Edson P. Clark of Northhampton, Massachusetts. This was the equivalent of the ball point pen of the time. It was non-erasable, and you didn’t need an ink well. Used for bills, prices, etc., you could also place a damp sheet of tissue paper over the writing to get a mirror image. It must have been time consuming to get a receipt from a restaurant.
1866 Beatrix Potter was born. English author of children's books, her first and most famous story is 'The Tale of Peter Rabbit,' originally written as an illustrated letter to a sick child.
1866 The metric system was authorized to standardize weights and measures in the U.S. (Authorized, yes, but we still don't use it very much).
1866 J. Osterhoudt patented the first tin can with a key opener.
1866 The 2 mile long, 5 foot diameter Chicago Lake Tunnel was completed. It was the first water supply tunnel for a U.S. city.
1866 Gregor (Johann) Mendel published his work on the laws of heredity. Mendel was an Austrian botanist whose work was the foundation of the science of genetics. He worked mainly with garden peas (some 28,000 plants over 7 years).
1867 Patrons of Husbandry, later known as the National Grange, was organized by USDA employee. This was the first general farmers organization to permit women equality of membership and privilege.
1867 The Kansas Pacific Railroad reached Abilene, Kansas. Cattle drives from Texas begin.
1867 Lillian D. Wald was born. She was a scientist and nurse, and among her activities, she helped initiate the enactment of pure food laws in the U.S.
1867 Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge died. A German chemist who developed a method for obtaining sugar from beet juice.
1867 The 2 mile long, 5 foot diameter Chicago Lake Tunnel was activated. It was the first water supply tunnel for a U.S. city.
1867 At the Cafe Anglais Chef Adolphe Duglere served the famous 'Dinner of the Three Emperors,' for Tsar Alexander II of Russia, his son (later to become tsar Alexander III) and King William I of Prussia. The table service used for the dinner is still on display at the oldest existing restaurant in Paris, La Tour d'Argent.
1867 Barbed wire was patented by Lucien B Smith of Kent, Ohio
1867 Reinforced concrete was patented by F. Joseph Monier. He was a Paris gardener, and developed reinforced concrete to use in garden tubs, beams and posts.
1867 Harvard School of Dental Medicine was founded in Boston, Massachusetts. It was the first dental school in the U.S.
1867 Charles Francis Jenkins was born. An inventor who is best known as an early television pioneer. Among his many inventions was a cone-shaped drinking cup.
1867 Maximilian Bircher-Benner was born. He was a Swiss doctor who developed the cereal product 'Muesli,' which is similar to Granola.
1867 Leon Daudet was born. French journalist and novelist, well known gastronome of his time.
1867 J.B. Sutherland patented the refrigerated railroad car.
1867 Joseph C. Gayetty of New York City supposedly invented toilet paper in 1857.
1868 William Davis, a Detroit, Michigan fish dealer, received a patent for a refrigerator car ('ice box on wheels'). He also designed the first refrigerated railway car.
1868 Charles Darwin's 'Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication.' was published.
1868 C.H. Gould of Birminghom, England patented a stapler. (Countless staplers have been patented).
1868 Kit Carson, American frontiersman, died. His last words were supposedly "Wish I had time for just one more bowl of chili."
1868 Christopher Nathan Sholes of Wisconsin patented a mechanical writing machine, called a type-writer. It was as large as a desk, made of black walnut and had black and white keys. He signed a deal with the Remington Arms company for its manufacture in 1873. It was Remington who turned it into a more practical machine. Chefs could now type their recipes so others could read them. (Only Doctors have more illegible handwriting than Chefs).
1869 The first batch of Tabasco Sauce was shipped from Avery Island, Louisiana.
1869 The removable steel plow blade is invented by James Oliver.
1869 John Wesley Hyatt patented celluloid, the first synthetic plastic.
1869 David Grandison Fairchild was born. An American botanist and agriculturalist, he was responsible for introducing many useful plants to the U.S. Author of 'The World Was My Garden,' and 'Exploring for Plants'.
1869 The first American patent for a sweeping machine was issued to Ives W. McGaffney of Chicago.
1869 Charles Elmer Hires sells his first root beer, in Philadelphia.
1869 Frozen food was shipped long distance for the first time. Frozen Texas beef shipped by steamship to New Orleans.
1869 Joseph Dixon died. An American inventor and manufacturer. Among his many accomplishments, he produced the first pencil made in the U.S.
1869 Agoston Haraszthy de Mokcsa died. Agoston Haraszthy de Mokcsa imported 1,400 varieties of grapevines to California in 1862 and planted the first large vineyard in California in the Sonoma Valley. After the devastating phylloxera blight decimated the European vineyards, some of these same vines, now on resistant American root stock, helped rescue the European vineyards.
1869 Henry Tibbe invented the corncob pipe. The pipe was made from a white kernel corn that was used to make taco and tortilla flour. (But can you roll a cigar with a taco wrapper?)
1869 Hippolyte Mege Mouries patented margarine. Emperor Napoleon III had offered a prize for a suitable substitute for butter, for use by the French Navy.
1869 Cornelius Swarthout received the first U.S. patent for a waffle Iron.
1869 Mary Mallon was born. 'Typhoid Mary' was an infamous household cook who was responsible for major outbreaks of typhoid in the New York City area in 1904, 1907, and 1914. She was immune to typhoid herself, but was a carrier of the bacillus, and spread it wherever she worked as a household cook.
1869 The Suez Canal opened, linking the Red Sea with the Mediterranean Sea.
1869 The 3 masted clipper ship 'Cutty Sark' was launched at Dunbarton, Scotland. It was one of the last to be built and is the only one surviving today. It is 212 feet long and 36 feet wide. It was initially used in the English/Chinese tea trade. Fully restored in 1957, it is in dry berth in Greenwich, London as a sailing museum.
1869 William Finley Semple patented the first chewing gum, although he never commercially manufactured any gum.
1869 Joseph Campbell, a fruit merchant, and Abram Anderson , an icbox maker got together to can tomatoes, vegetables, fruit preserves, etc. This was the beginning of the Campbell Soup Company.
1869 Beer was first sold in bottles by English brewer Francis Manning-Needham.